Dubai Apostille and Document Attestation in 2026: Why an Apostille Alone Will Not Clear Your Documents for the UAE

Start with the fact that decides everything else. The United Arab Emirates is not a Contracting Party to the Hague Convention of 5 October 1961 Abolishing the Requirement of Legalisation for Foreign Public Documents. That is not an interpretation of a grey area. The HCCH status table for the Convention lists 130 contracting parties, and the UAE appears nowhere on it, with no signature, no accession and no date of entry into force [1].

The consequence is direct, and expensive if you get it wrong. An apostille on its own does not make a foreign document usable in the UAE. Whatever the apostille office in your home country told you when it handed over the certificate, a UAE licensing authority, a notary public or an immigration desk will be looking for a chain that ends with an attestation stamp from the UAE Ministry of Foreign Affairs [2][4]. An apostille certificate is not that stamp, and it does not stand in for it.

Yet there is a visible cluster of pages dated 2026 offering "UAE apostille services" and describing a "Hague Convention process" for the UAE. Since 2013, our team has pushed degree certificates, powers of attorney and parent company files through this chain for founders in dozens of countries, and the single most common cause of a stalled company registration is a document that was apostilled and then nothing else was done to it. This guide is the corrected version: what the status table actually records, what the real chain is, what it costs, how long it takes, and which documents you need in hand before you register. It is a guide, not legal advice.

Has the UAE joined the Hague Apostille Convention?

No. The HCCH status table for the 1961 Apostille Convention records 130 contracting parties, and the United Arab Emirates is not among them. There is no signature entry, no accession entry and no entry-into-force date recorded against the UAE [1]. That position has not changed in 2023, 2024, 2025 or 2026.

We checked this directly rather than repeating it, because the claim circulating online is specific enough to sound authoritative. Pages state that the UAE "joined the Convention", usually dating the event to 2023 or 2024, and then build a whole service page on top of that premise. A specialist UAE attestation provider independently flags the same misconception in its own material, noting that those dated claims are inaccurate.

There is a plausible and entirely innocent explanation for how it spread. Saudi Arabia acceded to the Convention in 2022. A Gulf accession in that window is real, it was widely reported, and it is easy for a writer working quickly to attach it to the wrong country. We are not suggesting anyone is deliberately misleading readers. We are saying the premise is wrong, it is checkable in about ninety seconds on the HCCH table, and the cost of the error lands on the person whose visa file is sitting in a queue.

Real Talk: If a provider's page says the UAE is a Hague member, ask them to point at the line on the HCCH status table [1]. The table is public and searchable. There is no line to point at. That single question usually ends the conversation faster than any argument about process.

What does non-membership actually mean for your documents?

It means the shortcut the Convention was designed to create is simply not available for a UAE-bound document. Instead of one certificate accepted by every member state, you go through consular legalisation: authentication at home, then the foreign ministry, then the UAE mission abroad, then MOFAIC in the UAE [2][4]. Four touchpoints rather than one.

The Apostille Convention works by mutual agreement. Member A agrees to accept Member B's apostille without any further consular involvement, and vice versa. That agreement only binds the parties to it. Because the UAE is not a party, no UAE authority has undertaken to accept anyone's apostille as a substitute, and no foreign authority can issue an apostille that carries UAE recognition on its face.

Read the last two rows together. The apostille is not worthless as a piece of paper and it is not a scam, it is simply an instrument of a treaty the UAE has not joined. Presenting it to a Dubai notary as though it were a MOFAIC attestation is like presenting a driving licence as a passport. Real document, wrong purpose.

Scope note, stated up front. This article covers documents issued abroad and coming into the UAE. The reverse direction, a UAE-issued document going out to a Hague member country, is a separate scenario with its own rules, and we did not research it for this guide. Do not read anything here as a statement about outbound documents.

What is the actual legalisation chain for a UAE-bound document?

Four steps, in a fixed order, with no step skippable. Notarisation or authentication in the issuing country, then that country's foreign ministry, then the UAE embassy or consulate in that country, then final attestation by the UAE Ministry of Foreign Affairs once the document reaches the UAE [2][4]. Each authority is only certifying the signature of the one before it.

That last point is the mechanical reason nothing can be skipped. The UAE embassy in London is not verifying that your degree is genuine. It is verifying that the UK Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office signature on the document is genuine. MOFAIC in turn verifies the embassy's signature. Break the chain anywhere and the next authority has nothing it recognises to certify.

Some countries insert an extra domestic step before the foreign ministry. Education documents in particular often need clearance by an education ministry, a university registrar or a designated verification body first, and commercial documents often need a chamber of commerce stamp. Those are additions to step 1, not replacements for steps 2 to 4.

MOFAIC's own service material describes attestation as a digital process, accessed with UAE Pass, with courier collection and delivery available [2][3]. What that material does not contain, anywhere, is an apostille shortcut, an apostille exemption or a list of countries whose apostille is accepted in place of legalisation. That absence is exactly what you would expect from a non-member state, and it is worth noticing.

Common Mistake: Sending a document to a UAE embassy directly, before the home foreign ministry has touched it. The embassy has no signature on file to verify, so it declines, and you have paid a courier twice to learn that step 2 exists.

What if my country issues apostilles anyway?

Then you will very likely end up with both. The apostille does not replace the legalisation chain for a UAE-bound document, and in practice it often sits underneath it, with the foreign ministry step producing an apostille that the UAE embassy then legalises on top. Plan for the full chain regardless of what your country issues.

This is the part of the subject where honest sourcing matters, so here is the position stated plainly.

Honest sourcing note. That the apostille may sit underneath full legalisation rather than substituting for it is consistent across the sources we reviewed, but it is not stated in those terms on mofa.gov.ae itself [2][3]. The Ministry's own pages describe the attestation service and its fees without addressing what to do with a foreign apostille. We are telling you where this comes from rather than dressing it up as an official instruction, because it is not one. What is official, and enough on its own to decide your plan, is that the UAE is not a Convention party [1] and that MOFAIC attestation is the terminal step [2][4].

The practical guidance that falls out of it is simple. In an apostille country, your foreign ministry step may be discharged by the apostille certificate itself, since it is that ministry's own act of authentication. You then continue to the UAE embassy and to MOFAIC as normal. What you must not do is stop at the apostille and book a flight.

Pro Tip: Before paying for anything, email the UAE embassy or consulate covering your country and ask what they require for your specific document type. Requirements at step 3 vary by mission far more than people expect, and a two-line reply from the mission is worth more than any guide, this one included.

Which documents does a business setup actually need attested?

It depends on the licence and the structure, but the recurring set is short: degree certificates for professional or regulated activities, powers of attorney, parent company documents for a branch, constitutional documents such as a memorandum and articles of association, board resolutions, and marriage and birth certificates where family visas follow.

A labelling note. The list below is a reasonable synthesis drawn from how these files are actually assembled, not a quotation from a single government page. No official UAE page enumerates attestation requirements specifically for the business-setup use case, so treat this as an experienced checklist to verify against your own authority, rather than as a published rule.

Two structural points change the volume of work dramatically. First, a branch of a foreign company is the heaviest document load of any UAE structure, because the parent's entire constitutional file travels through the chain, and the difference in burden is one of the practical reasons to compare structures before committing, which is what our guide to branch vs subsidiary in the UAE works through. Second, a company owned by individuals with a commercial trading activity often needs no attested foreign document at all, which surprises people who have already paid for one.

For the full document checklists by structure, our guides to the documents required for mainland business setup and the documents for free zone company setup set out what each authority asks for, and the power of attorney question specifically is covered in our guide to the UAE power of attorney for business.

Based on our experience, the most wasteful thing a founder does at this stage is attest everything they own on the assumption that more paper is safer. Attestation is priced per document, and a commercial document carries a four-figure fee. Confirm the list against the activity first, then attest.

What does MOFAIC charge for attestation?

The Ministry of Foreign Affairs material confirms AED 150 per personal status document and AED 2,000 per commercial document [2][3]. A power of attorney follows the purpose rather than the format: AED 150 where the matter is personal, AED 2,000 where the matter is a business one. Commercial invoices and shipping documents sit at a flat AED 150 per invoice.

The personal versus commercial split is the single largest driver of what you pay, and it is decided by the nature of the document rather than by who is submitting it.

Three things follow from that table. A degree certificate for a professional licence is a personal status document at AED 150, even though its purpose is commercial. A parent company's memorandum and articles is a commercial document at AED 2,000, and so is each other corporate document in the file. And a single power of attorney can cost AED 150 or AED 2,000 depending on nothing more than what it authorises.

Quick Math: A branch application with a certificate of incorporation, a memorandum and articles, a board resolution and a certificate of good standing is four commercial documents. At AED 2,000 each that is AED 8,000 in MOFAIC fees alone, before the embassy fees abroad, before couriers and before any translation. Founders who budgeted "a few hundred dirhams for attestation" are out by an order of magnitude, and it is almost always the branch route that does it.

These figures are what makes structure choice a cash decision and not just a legal one. A free zone entity owned by individuals may need one attested degree certificate, while a branch of the same business needs the parent's whole constitutional file, which is part of why we walk clients through the comparison before anything is submitted on our free zone company setup and mainland company setup tracks. Talk to a setup expert→

Fee schedules change. Confirm the current rate on mofa.gov.ae before you pay for anything, particularly for a multi-document commercial file where a revision would move the total materially [2][3].

Why the "about AED 300" figure is two fees, not one

You will see "around AED 300" quoted as the cost of attesting a birth certificate or a school certificate. That is not a single official line item and no authority charges it. What people are adding together is two separate AED 150 fees, levied by two different authorities at two different stages of the chain.

Once you see the structure, the arithmetic stops being mysterious and starts being useful.

Why does this matter beyond pedantry? Because a combined figure hides the fact that the two charges are paid in different places, at different times, often in different currencies, and are refundable or not on completely different terms. It also hides everything the AED 300 does not include: home country notarisation, the foreign ministry's own charge, courier legs in both directions, translation where required, and any expedite fee.

Common Mistake: Budgeting a single "attestation fee" per document. Build the budget by step instead, with a line for the home country, a line for the UAE mission and a line for MOFAIC. It is the only version that survives contact with a real invoice.

How long does UAE attestation take?

MOFAIC states normal courier processing of 3 working days for up to 25 documents, and express processing of 1 working day for up to 10 documents [2][3]. Those figures cover the MOFAIC step only. The steps before it, in your home country, are the ones that actually decide your timeline, and they are the ones nobody publishes a service level for.

The asymmetry is the whole planning lesson. The UAE end of the process is fast, predictable and published. The foreign end is slow, variable and unpublished. So the correct question is never "how long does attestation take", it is "how long does my country's foreign ministry take, and when did I start it".

Pro Tip: Start the home country steps before you start anything in the UAE. A degree certificate sent for authentication in month one is a non-event. The same certificate started after your trade name is reserved becomes the item that holds up a licence, a visa and a bank appointment at once.

When does a document need translation, and who can do it?

Non-Arabic documents used in official UAE processes generally require translation by a Ministry of Justice licensed legal translator, and in some cases the translation itself needs MOJ attestation on top [5][6]. The general framework for legal translation in the UAE is Cabinet Resolution No. 7 of 2014. A translation by anyone else, however accurate, is usually not accepted.

The distinction that trips people up is between accuracy and standing. A fluent bilingual colleague, an agency abroad or a certified translator in your home country may produce a perfectly correct Arabic text. It has no standing in a UAE process unless it comes from a translator licensed by the Ministry of Justice, whose register and services sit under the Ministry and its unified judicial gateway [5][6].

Sequence matters more than most people realise. Translation is generally done after the legalisation chain is complete, because the translator renders the whole document including the stamps and endorsements that were added along the way. Translate first and you may pay again to have the newly stamped version retranslated.

We are not publishing MOJ translation attestation fees here. We could not confirm a current figure to the standard we hold for a published number, so rather than repeat a rate we cannot stand behind, we are telling you to obtain the quote from an MOJ-licensed translator directly and to sanity-check it against the Ministry's own channels [5][6].

What actually gets a document rejected?

Rejections cluster around five recurring errors, and none of them are exotic. Lamination, a missing home country authentication, a missing or unreadable QR code on a digital attestation, no MOJ-licensed translation where one was needed, and a name that does not match the passport. Each is cheap to prevent and expensive to fix after the fact.

The name mismatch is the one that causes the most damage, because it is discovered last. A degree certificate in a maiden name, a passport that transliterates a middle name differently, an Arabic rendering that does not match a prior UAE record: any of these can stop a file at the visa stage after every fee in the chain has already been paid. If your documents were issued in more than one version of your name, resolve that first, usually with an affidavit or a deed poll that itself goes through the chain.

Real Talk: We have never seen a laminated certificate saved. Every so often a client asks whether the film can be removed carefully, and the honest answer is that the attempt usually destroys the paper and you end up requesting a fresh original from the issuing institution anyway. Request the replacement on day one and keep the laminated copy for your own records.

How does attestation fit into the company setup timeline?

Badly, if you leave it late. Attestation is the only part of a UAE setup that depends on authorities outside the UAE, which makes it the one item you cannot accelerate with money or escalation once it is behind. Treat it as a parallel track that starts on day one, not a step that follows licence approval.

The last row is where most delay actually surfaces. Founders concentrate on the licence, get it, and only then discover that the marriage certificate needed for a spouse visa is starting a six week journey through a foreign ministry, which is why our guide to UAE family visa requirements puts the document work ahead of the application. If you are still mapping the overall sequence, our guide on how to start a business in Dubai sets out where each stage lands.

It also does not stop at the licence. Every new hire from abroad on a regulated role, every dependant added later and every renewal that asks for a fresh certified copy pulls another document into the same chain, which is why attestation sits permanently on the workload our post-setup services team carries rather than being a one-off registration task. Talk to a setup expert→

Based on our experience, the founders who complete a setup on schedule are almost always the ones who started their document chain before they had chosen a free zone. The paperwork does not care which authority you eventually pick, and starting early costs nothing but a courier.

What do I do if my document was already apostilled?

Do not throw it away, and do not assume it has done the job. In an apostille country, the apostille is usually your foreign ministry's own act of authentication, so it may well satisfy step 2. What remains is the UAE embassy or consulate in that country, and then MOFAIC in the UAE [2][4].

The practical sequence from where you are standing is short.

The second row is the painful one, and it is the reason we lead this article the way we do. A document sitting in Dubai with a pristine apostille and no embassy legalisation generally has to travel back to its country of issue, because step 3 happens there. That is a courier cost and several weeks, incurred entirely because of a mistaken premise about the Convention.

Common Mistake: Assuming an apostille has an expiry problem. It does not usually go stale on its own, so the earlier apostille normally remains part of your file rather than being wasted money. What has to be added is the consular leg, not the whole chain from scratch.

How do you spot a page that is wrong about the Convention?

Check the claim against the HCCH status table, which takes under two minutes and settles it [1]. Beyond that, wrong pages share recognisable tells: a specific joining date, apostille pricing for the UAE, no mention of a UAE embassy step, and no mention of MOFAIC as the final authority.

None of this means every provider making the error is acting in bad faith. Attestation content is heavily rewritten from other attestation content, so one confident wrong sentence propagates quickly, and "apostille" carries far more search volume than "consular legalisation", which quietly rewards the wrong word. The check is still yours to run, because the delay is yours to absorb.

Pro Tip: Judge a provider on whether they ask you which country issued the document, before quoting. Anyone quoting a flat UAE attestation price without that question is not planning the leg of the chain that will actually decide your timeline.

Get the chain right before you start the company

The position is straightforward once the premise is corrected. The UAE is not a Contracting Party to the 1961 Apostille Convention [1], so an apostille alone will not clear a foreign document for use here, and the answer is the four-step chain ending at MOFAIC [2][4], priced at AED 150 for personal status documents and AED 2,000 for commercial ones [2], processed in 3 working days or 1 on express [2][3], with an MOJ-licensed translation where the receiving authority needs one [5][6].

Since 2013, BusinessDubai.ae has completed 700+ company registrations across the UAE, and on almost every one of them the document chain was either the thing that ran quietly in the background or the thing that held up the whole file. We will tell you which of your documents genuinely need attesting for your chosen activity, what the fee exposure looks like before you commit, and whether a mainland company setup or a free zone company setup gives you a lighter paperwork load for the same business. Once the licence is issued, renewals, visas and the ongoing compliance calendar sit with our post-setup services team, who also handle the attestation work that keeps arriving afterwards for dependants and new hires. Talk to a setup expert→

Real Client Stories

Real examples from businesses we have helped, with details changed for privacy.

The founder who paid for an apostille and thought he was finished. A European software founder arrived in Dubai with an apostilled degree certificate, having been told by an agency at home that the apostille was all the UAE required. His activity needed a professional licence, so the certificate was load-bearing. It had never been to the UAE mission in his country, and the UAE is not a Convention party [1], so MOFAIC had no recognised prior signature to certify [2][4]. The certificate went back to Europe for the embassy step and returned five weeks later. The apostille was not wasted, it simply was not the finish line, and five weeks of a signed office lease were.

The branch that discovered its attestation bill after signing. An Asian manufacturing group applied to open a UAE branch and budgeted a few hundred dirhams for paperwork. Its file contained four commercial documents, each attracting the AED 2,000 commercial rate at MOFAIC alone [2], before embassy fees, couriers and translation. We priced the alternative before anything was submitted, and a subsidiary owned by the parent needed materially less of the parent's constitutional file to travel. They chose the structure on the numbers rather than on habit.

The marriage certificate nobody started. A consultancy founder completed a free zone licence and her own residence visa on schedule, then applied to sponsor her spouse and learned that the marriage certificate needed the full chain from a country whose foreign ministry was running slowly. Nothing had gone wrong in the setup. The document had simply never been started, because family visas felt like a later problem. We now open the dependants question at the first meeting rather than after the licence, since the certificate can begin its journey while the trade name is still being reserved.

Frequently Asked Questions

Is the UAE part of the Hague Apostille Convention?

No. The HCCH status table for the 1961 Convention lists 130 contracting parties and the United Arab Emirates is not among them, with no signature, accession or entry-into-force date recorded [1].

Can I use an apostille for a document in Dubai?

Not on its own. A UAE-bound document needs consular legalisation ending with attestation by the UAE Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and an apostille certificate does not substitute for that step [2][4].

Did the UAE join the Convention in 2023 or 2024?

No. Those dates circulate widely but are not reflected on the HCCH status table [1]. The confusion may arise from Saudi Arabia, which acceded in 2022, being misattributed to the UAE.

What is the difference between apostille and attestation?

An apostille is a single certificate accepted between Hague member states. Attestation is consular legalisation through a chain of authorities ending at MOFAIC, which is what the UAE requires [1][2].

What are the steps to legalise a document for the UAE?

Notarisation or authentication in the issuing country, then that country's foreign ministry, then the UAE embassy or consulate there, then final attestation by MOFAIC in the UAE [2][4].

Can I skip the UAE embassy step?

No. MOFAIC attests the signature of the UAE mission, so without that step there is nothing for MOFAIC to certify and the document cannot complete the chain [2][4].

How much does MOFAIC charge to attest a document?

AED 150 per personal status document and AED 2,000 per commercial document, per the Ministry's own material [2][3]. Confirm current rates on mofa.gov.ae before paying.

How much does a power of attorney cost to attest?

AED 150 if the matter is personal and AED 2,000 if the matter is a business one [2]. The purpose of the document decides the rate, not its format.

What does it cost to attest a commercial invoice?

AED 150 per invoice, a flat e-attestation rate stated effective 1 February 2023 for commercial invoices and shipping documents [2][3].

Is attestation of a birth certificate AED 300?

There is no single AED 300 official fee. That figure combines two separate AED 150 charges levied by two different authorities at two different stages of the chain, and it excludes couriers, home country fees and translation.

How long does MOFAIC attestation take?

Normal courier processing is stated as 3 working days for up to 25 documents, and express as 1 working day for up to 10 documents [2][3].

Why is my attestation taking months then?

Because the slow part is abroad. The MOFAIC step is fast and published, while home country notarisation, the foreign ministry and the UAE mission have no published service level and vary widely by country.

Which documents do I need attested to set up a company?

Commonly a degree certificate for professional licences, a power of attorney, parent company documents for a branch, memorandum and articles, board resolutions, and marriage or birth certificates for family visas. Treat this as a synthesis to verify with your authority.

Does a free zone company need attested documents?

Often fewer than a mainland branch. A free zone entity owned by individuals with a straightforward activity may need only a degree certificate, while any structure with a corporate shareholder pulls in the parent's documents.

Do I need to attest documents for a family visa?

Marriage and birth certificates issued abroad generally go through the same chain before a dependant application. Start them early, because they are the most commonly forgotten items in a setup.

My degree certificate is laminated. Is that a problem?

Yes. Laminated originals are rejected, because stamps cannot be applied or verified through the film. Request a fresh original from the issuing institution rather than attempting to remove the lamination.

Do my documents need to be translated into Arabic?

Non-Arabic documents used in official UAE processes generally require translation by a Ministry of Justice licensed legal translator, and in some cases attestation of the translation itself [5][6].

Can my own translator do it?

Generally not. Accuracy is not the issue, standing is. UAE processes look for a translator licensed by the Ministry of Justice, whose framework sits under Cabinet Resolution No. 7 of 2014 [5][6].

Should I translate before or after attestation?

Usually after. The translator renders the whole document including the stamps added along the chain, so translating first often means paying to translate the same document twice.

What does MOJ translation attestation cost?

We are not publishing a figure, because we could not confirm a current rate to a standard we would stand behind. Obtain a quote from an MOJ-licensed translator and check it against the Ministry's channels [5][6].

What is Cabinet Resolution No. 7 of 2014?

It is the general framework governing legal translation in the UAE, which is why translations for official use are expected to come from Ministry of Justice licensed translators [5][6].

My document was already apostilled. Is that money wasted?

Usually not. In an apostille country the apostille is your foreign ministry's own authentication, so it may satisfy step 2. What remains is the UAE mission step and then MOFAIC [2][4].

Can I complete the embassy step from inside the UAE?

Generally no. The UAE mission step happens in the country that issued the document, which is why an apostilled document already sitting in Dubai usually has to travel back.

Why do so many websites say the UAE accepts apostilles?

Attestation content is heavily rewritten from other attestation content, and "apostille" carries more search volume than "consular legalisation". One confident wrong sentence spreads quickly. Check the HCCH table [1].

How do I check whether a country is a Hague member?

Open the HCCH status table for the 1961 Apostille Convention and search for the country [1]. It records signature, accession and entry-into-force dates for every contracting party.

Does this article cover UAE documents going abroad?

No. This guide covers documents coming into the UAE. A UAE-issued document going out to a Hague member country is a separate scenario we did not research and make no claims about.

What is MOFAIC?

It is the UAE Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the authority that performs the final attestation on foreign documents intended for use in the UAE, through its digital service with UAE Pass and courier options [2][3].

Why does my name have to match my passport exactly?

Because the receiving authority ties the certificate to your identity through the passport. Maiden names, differing transliterations and extra middle names stall files at the visa stage, after every fee has been paid.

What is a QR code doing on my attestation?

Digital attestations carry a QR code so the receiving authority can verify them. If it is missing or will not scan, expect the document to be questioned, so check it before submitting anywhere.

Where should I confirm current fees and process?

On mofa.gov.ae and the UAE Government portal's public attestation services page [2][3][4]. Fee schedules and service options change, so verify before paying, especially on a multi-document commercial file.

References

[1] Hague Conference on Private International Law (HCCH). Status table, Convention of 5 October 1961 Abolishing the Requirement of Legalisation for Foreign Public Documents. The authoritative record of contracting parties, listing 130 parties with their signature, accession and entry-into-force dates. Checked directly for this article: the United Arab Emirates does not appear on it. HCCH status table, Apostille Convention

[2] UAE Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Attestation services. The Ministry's own service page for attestation of documents, covering the digital service accessed with UAE Pass, courier collection and delivery, the AED 150 personal status and AED 2,000 commercial fee levels, the power of attorney rates and the flat AED 150 rate for commercial invoices and shipping documents effective 1 February 2023. Contains no apostille exemption or shortcut, consistent with non-membership of the Convention. MOFA attestation services

[3] UAE Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Frequently asked questions. Relied on here for the processing times, being 3 working days for normal courier processing of up to 25 documents and 1 working day for express processing of up to 10 documents, and for the e-attestation framing of the fee schedule. MOFA FAQs

[4] UAE Government portal. Public attestation services. The government portal's description of attestation of documents for use in the UAE, used here for the sequence of authentication in the country of issue, the UAE mission abroad and final attestation by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. u.ae, public attestation services

[5] UAE Ministry of Justice. The Ministry responsible for the licensing of legal translators in the UAE, under the general legal translation framework of Cabinet Resolution No. 7 of 2014. Cited for the requirement that translations used in official processes come from an MOJ-licensed translator. UAE Ministry of Justice

[6] UAE Ministry of Justice. Unified judicial gateway. The Ministry's services gateway, cited alongside [5] for legal translation services and the verification of translator licensing. Fees for attestation of translations are not published here in a form we could confirm, which is why no figure appears in this guide. MOJ unified judicial gateway